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1.
Biol. Res ; 43(3): 339-345, 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-571996

ABSTRACT

This review of the immunogenetics of cord blood transplantation attempts to highlight the connections between classical studies and conclusions of the tissue transplantation field as a scholarly endeavor, exemplified by the work of Professor Hoecker, with the motivations and some recent and key results of clinical cord blood transplantation. The authors review the evolution of understanding of transplantation biology and find that the results of the application of cord blood stem cells to Transplantation Medicine are consistent with the careful experiments of the pioneers in the field, from the results of tumor and normal tissue transplants, histocompatibility immunogenetics, to cell and molecular biology. Recent results of the National Cord Blood Program of the New York Blood Center describe the functioning in cord blood transplantation of factors, well known in transplantation immunogenetics, like the Fl anti-parent effect and the tolerance-like status of donors produced by non-inherited maternal HLA antigens. Consideration of these factors in donor selection strategies can improve the prognosis of transplantation by characterizing "permissibility" in HLA-incompatible transplantation thereby increasing the probability of survival and reducing the likelihood of leukemic relapse.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation , HLA Antigens/genetics , HLA Antigens/immunology , Histocompatibility/immunology , Immunogenetic Phenomena/immunology , Transplantation Immunology/immunology , Histocompatibility/genetics , Immunogenetic Phenomena/genetics , Transplantation Immunology/genetics
2.
Med. lab ; 15(1/2): 37-68, feb. 2009. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-582193

ABSTRACT

Más de 100 años han transcurrido desde el descubrimiento de los grupos sanguíneos A, B y O y hasta el presente se han reconocido 308 antígenos, de los cuales 270 están agrupados en 30 sistemas sanguíneos. Su importancia radica en la seguridad con la cual se transfunde la sangre de donantes a pacientes con pruebas tan sencillas en su elaboración, como la clasificación sanguínea ABO y Rh, las pruebas cruzadas y el rastreo de anticuerpos irregulares, con el fin de evitar la aloinmunización de los receptores...


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Banks , Transplantation Immunology/genetics , Transplantation Immunology/immunology , Blood Platelets , Leukocytes , Platelet Count
3.
J Postgrad Med ; 2008 Jan-Mar; 54(1): 41-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-116990

ABSTRACT

Serology-based conventional microlymphocytotoxicity HLA typing method, which has been regarded as the gold standard in organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, has been replaced now by DNA-based typing. Many laboratories all over the world have already switched over to molecular methods. Microlymphocytotoxicity-based tissue typing was done using commercial sera, while the molecular typing by genomic DNA based. DNA quality and its quantity obtained using various DNA extraction protocols was found to be an important factor in the molecular method of tissue typing in transplant outcome. Many polymerase chain reaction-based molecular techniques have been adopted with far reaching clinical outcome. The sequence-based typing (SBT) has been the ultimate technique, which has been of the highest reliability in defining the HLA alleles. The nonavailability of specific HLA antisera from native populations, large number of blank alleles yet to be defined and comparable low resolution of HLA alleles in SSP or SSOP technique, suggests that highly refined DNA-based methods like SBT should be used as an adjunct to HLA serology and/or low/intermediate/high resolution HLA typing in order to achieve a better transplant outcome.


Subject(s)
Base Sequence/genetics , DNA/analysis , HLA Antigens/genetics , Histocompatibility Testing/methods , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods , Serologic Tests/methods , Transplantation Immunology/genetics
4.
Arch. argent. alerg. inmunol. clín ; 29(2): 7-18, 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-224754

ABSTRACT

El Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad humano consiste en una serie de genes fuertemente enlazados presentes en el brazo corto del cromosoma 6, normalmente heredados en bloque y constituyen el haplotipo HLA. La mayoría presenta alto polimorfismo, lo que permite la presencia de numerosas variantes alélicas. La herencia de este segmento puede seguirse dentro de una familia por tipificación de ADN celular o de los antígenos HLA expresados en las membranas celulares, permitiendo estudios de filiación o poblacionales. La función más importante es el reconocimiento de la identidad: las células se reconocen entre sí como propias de un individuo. Juegan un papel esencial en la selección clonal de linfocitos, en la presentación antigénica y en la regulación del sistema inmune. El estudio de su asociación con enfermedades representó un importante avance en la Inmunología clínica. En la actualidad numerosos trabajos reafirman su papel en los procesos autoinmunes, en la respuesta inmune según la interacción del sitio de unión del HLA y el epitope antigénico presentado y probablemente en la susceptibilidad a determinados tumores. Objetivos: Introducir al conocimiento del Sistema Mayor de Histocompatibilidad y su aplicación clínica, comprender los fundamentos de los estudios más frecuentes fomentando la autoevaluación y educación continua


Subject(s)
Humans , Histocompatibility Testing , Histocompatibility Testing/instrumentation , Major Histocompatibility Complex/genetics , Major Histocompatibility Complex/physiology , HLA Antigens/classification , HLA Antigens/physiology , Asthma/genetics , Asthma/immunology , Haplotypes/immunology , Histocompatibility/immunology , Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed , Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed/standards , Transplantation Immunology/genetics
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